HOME / how base station subsystem works — in one simple flow
In June 2019, Globe Telecom introduced the Philippines' first next-generation network, and in December 2019, AT&T launched a consumer service in the United States that expanded nationwide during 2020. Commercial 5G deployment expanded rapidly through 2020.
5G networks divide coverage areas into smaller zones called cells, enabling devices to connect to local base stations via radio. Each station connects to the broader telephone network and the Internet through high-speed optical fiber or wireless backhaul.
The 5G New Radio (NR) interface defines two main operating ranges: Frequency Range 1 (FR1) – below 7.125 GHz, also called sub-6 GHz. It covers low- and mid-band frequencies and supports channel bandwidths up to 100 MHz. Typical download speeds range from 5 to 900 Mbit/s depending on conditions.
In the United States, mobile operators continued to sell 4G plans at lower prices than 5G plans. Typical 5G plans cost about US$85 per month for premium data tiers. ^ Hoffman, Chris (January 7, 2019).
In the 5G millimeter wave era, antennas are getting smaller and smaller, and the number is increasing in pairs. Nowadays, most 4G mobile phones are 2×2, 5G is at least 4×4, and the base station antennas have as many as 128 or 256 antennas. The Internet of Things also requires antennas.
The 5G Base Station uses a set of antennas that connect with the distributed unit. These antennas can be implemented using a passive or active architecture. These are connected to the Base Station cabinet using feeder cables. The Base Station cabinet includes the transceiver and RF processing functions.
ation components and antenna mast systems. Upgrading 4G base stations by software to non-standalone (N A) 5G will still require hardware changes. It will act as an interim, but it will still not satisfy the need for true 5G network architecture. The number of base stations needed increases with each generation of mobile technolo
Nowadays, most 4G mobile phones are 2×2, 5G is at least 4×4, and the base station antennas have as many as 128 or 256 antennas. The Internet of Things also requires antennas. As introduced above, the required antennas will change to a certain extent according to the characteristics of 5G.
In this article, we assumed that the 5G base station adopted the mode of combining grid power supply with energy storage power supply.
2) The optimized configuration results of the three types of energy storage batteries showed that since the current tiered-use of lithium batteries for communication base station backup power was not sufficiently mature, a brand- new lithium battery with a longer cycle life and lighter weight was more suitable for the 5G base station.
The backup battery of a 5G base station must ensure continuous power supply to it, in the case of a power failure. As the number of 5G base stations, and their power consumption increase significantly compared with that of 4G base stations, the demand for backup batteries increases simultaneously.
The inner goal included the sleep mechanism of the base station, and the optimization of the energy storage charging and discharging strategy, for minimizing the daily electricity expenditure of the 5G base station system.
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